
Solar inverters are a critical component to any solar power system. Inverters change DC (direct current) from solar panels, or the photovoltaic array, into AC (alternating current) for use in the home and resale back to the utility grid.
Two key categories of solar inverters are used in solar energy systems. In systems that aren't connected to the utility grid the inverter takes DC current from the pv array and converts it to AC current powering a battery or series of batteries, from which power is drawn. In the case of this "off grid inverter" or "charge controller" the pv array and inverter are essentially charging batteries to keep power supplied to the building.
The second category ties into the utility grid, again converting DC to AC, but with this "grid-tie inverter" the power is first supplied to the building and remaining energy is sent back to the grid. Local utility companies then pay the owner for the surplus power.
When selecting a solar inverter for your system you'll need to take into account how much power you're looking to generate, the size of the building, energy use changes through time and the type of solar panels used in the system.
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Read more about Two types of Solar Inverters, and Off-Grid Inverters